SELECT 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_product_prices.price * cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id IN (
    73240, 73116, 72858, 72857, 73405, 73404, 
    73403, 73155, 73115, 73351, 73350, 
    73349, 73348, 72836, 73284, 73111, 
    71691, 68825, 49338, 44239, 44238, 
    42033, 73271, 73270, 73252, 73239, 
    73237, 73217, 73156, 73119, 72856, 
    72855, 72852, 72032, 71703, 71486, 
    71485, 71484, 71483, 73020
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00121

Explain
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE cscart_product_prices range usergroup,product_id,lower_limit,usergroup_id usergroup 9 80 Using where

Result

product_id price
42033 1.69000000
44238 1.69000000
44239 1.69000000
49338 1.69000000
68825 1.69000000
71483 1.69000000
71484 1.69000000
71485 1.69000000
71486 1.69000000
71691 1.69000000
71703 1.69000000
72032 1.69000000
72836 1.69000000
72852 1.69000000
72855 1.69000000
72856 1.69000000
72857 1.69000000
72858 1.69000000
73020 1.69000000
73111 1.69000000
73115 1.69000000
73116 1.69000000
73119 1.69000000
73155 1.69000000
73156 1.69000000
73217 1.69000000
73237 1.69000000
73239 1.69000000
73240 1.69000000
73252 1.69000000
73270 1.69000000
73271 1.69000000
73284 1.69000000
73348 1.69000000
73349 1.69000000
73350 1.69000000
73351 1.69000000
73403 1.69000000
73404 1.69000000
73405 1.69000000