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SELECT 
  f.feature_id, 
  f.purpose, 
  p.product_id, 
  p.parent_product_id, 
  g.id, 
  g.code 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_features AS f 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_groups AS g ON f.group_id = g.id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_group_products AS p ON f.group_id = p.group_id 
WHERE 
  p.product_id IN (
    125022, 124984, 124864, 125040, 124545, 
    124306, 124500, 124267, 123527, 123663, 
    122622, 121624, 120857, 120309, 120299, 
    119361, 118451, 118450, 118222, 117510, 
    117207, 117055, 116706, 116944, 116153, 
    115940, 114765, 114227, 113387, 112100
  )

Query time 0.00017

Explain
id	select_type	table	type	possible_keys	key	key_len	ref	rows	Extra
1	SIMPLE	p	range	PRIMARY,idx_group_id	PRIMARY	3		30	Using index condition
1	SIMPLE	g	eq_ref	PRIMARY	PRIMARY	3	toolboxdigitalshop_dev.p.group_id	1
1	SIMPLE	f	ref	idx_group_id	idx_group_id	3	toolboxdigitalshop_dev.p.group_id	7