SELECT 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id, 
  MIN(
    IF(
      cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount = 0, 
      cscart_product_prices.price, 
      cscart_product_prices.price - (
        cscart_product_prices.price * cscart_product_prices.percentage_discount
      )/ 100
    )
  ) AS price 
FROM 
  cscart_product_prices 
WHERE 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id IN (
    111794, 111793, 109129, 109032, 109031, 
    109011, 108892, 108891, 108790, 108632, 
    108618, 109040, 108675, 108674, 108610, 
    108901, 108900, 108884, 108883, 108554
  ) 
  AND cscart_product_prices.lower_limit = 1 
  AND cscart_product_prices.usergroup_id IN (0, 1) 
GROUP BY 
  cscart_product_prices.product_id

Query time 0.00079

Explain
id select_type table type possible_keys key key_len ref rows Extra
1 SIMPLE cscart_product_prices range usergroup,product_id,lower_limit,usergroup_id usergroup 9 40 Using where

Result

product_id price
108554 1.69000000
108610 1.69000000
108618 1.69000000
108632 1.69000000
108674 1.69000000
108675 1.69000000
108790 1.69000000
108883 1.69000000
108884 1.69000000
108891 1.69000000
108892 1.69000000
108900 1.69000000
108901 1.69000000
109011 1.69000000
109031 1.69000000
109032 1.69000000
109040 1.69000000
109129 1.69000000
111793 1.69000000
111794 1.69000000